Jim, I speak from trial and error. No extensive testing, so no numbers to through out. Mostly a subjective opinion. This was my son's third year of Pinewood Derby and Awana racing. Went from teflon, to the graphite sold at Lowe's for locks, to some custom stuff from a machinst, to Hob-E-Lube and finally to Zero Friction. In all our racing, we never landed on the podium, until this year. Therefore, my opinion is maybe a bit biased, but I can't deny the results. I have already purchased another vial of Zero Friction for districts.